〃That　will　happen；　Harry；　and　in　my　opinion　England　is　very　wrong　in　exchanging　her　fuel　for　the　gold　of　other　nations！　I　know　well；〃　added　the　engineer；　〃that　neither　hydraulics　nor　electricity　has　yet　shown　all　they　can　do；　and　that　some　day　these　two　forces　will　be　more　pletely

utilized。 But　no　matter！ Coal　is　of　a　very　practical　use；　and　lends　itself　easily　to　the　various　wants　of　industry。　Unfortunately　man　cannot　produce　it　at　will。 Though　our　external　forests　grow　incessantly　under　the　influence　of　heat　and　water；　our　subterranean　forests　will　not　be　reproduced；　and　if　they　were；　the　globe　would　never　be　in　the　state　necessary　to　make　them　into　coal。〃

James　Starr　and　his　guide；　whilst　talking；　had　continued　their　walk　at　a　rapid　pace。 An　hour　after　leaving　Callander　they　reached　the　Dochart　pit。

The　most　indifferent　person　would　have　been　touched　at　the　appearance　this　deserted　spot　presented。 It　was　like　the　skeleton　of　something　that　had　formerly　lived。 A　few　wretched　trees　bordered　a　plain　where　the　ground　was　hidden　under　the　black　dust　of　the　mineral　fuel；　but　no　cinders　nor　even　fragments　of　coal　were　to　be　seen。　All　had　been　carried　away　and　consumed　long　ago。

They　walked　into　the　shed　which　covered　the　opening　of　the　Yarrow　shaft；　whence　ladders　still　gave　access　to　the　lower　galleries　of　the　pit。　The　engineer　bent　over　the　opening。 Formerly　from　this　place　could　be　heard　the　powerful　whistle　of　the　air　inhaled　by　the　ventilators。　It　was　now　a　silent　abyss。 It　was　like　being　at　the　mouth　of　some　extinct　volcano。

When　the　mine　was　being　worked；　ingenious　machines　were　used　in　certain　shafts　of　the　Aberfoyle　colliery；　which　in　this　respect　was　very　well　off；　frames　furnished　with　automatic　lifts；　working　in　wooden